Even before I started playing chess I was fascinated as a classicist by Hieronymus Vida's poem Scacchia Ludus from the 1500s. It's a mini-epic of about 700 Latin hexameters which narrates a chess game between Apollo and Mercury. He also wanted to avoid making up neo-Latin words so he called the rooks "towers" (arces in Latin), and described them as being carried into war on the backs of elephants. This was the inspiration for the modern shape of the rook as well as the term "castling." For the poem he invented a goddess of chess called Scacchia.
In 1763, the judge and linguist William Jones (who was the first person to articulate clearly that there was a family of related Indo-European languages) wrote a poem called Caissa in rhyming English couplets which was inspired by Vida's poem. In his poem Jones calls the goddess of chess Caissa and explains how chess was invented: the god of war, Mars, was hitting on her and she was rejecting him, so Mars went to the brother of Venus, who created the game of chess for him as a gift he could give to Caissa:
He fram'd a tablet of celestial mold,
Inlay'd with squares of silver and of gold;
Then of two metals form'd the warlike band,
That here compact in show of battle stand;
He taught the rules that guide the pensive game,
And call'd it Cassa from the dryad's name:
In 1763, the judge and linguist William Jones (who was the first person to articulate clearly that there was a family of related Indo-European languages) wrote a poem called Caissa in rhyming English couplets which was inspired by Vida's poem. In his poem Jones calls the goddess of chess Caissa and explains how chess was invented: the god of war, Mars, was hitting on her and she was rejecting him, so Mars went to the brother of Venus, who created the game of chess for him as a gift he could give to Caissa:
He fram'd a tablet of celestial mold,
Inlay'd with squares of silver and of gold;
Then of two metals form'd the warlike band,
That here compact in show of battle stand;
He taught the rules that guide the pensive game,
And call'd it Cassa from the dryad's name: